联合国南苏丹特派团UNMISS无名墓地与无尽的旅程：北钟雷战争的余波

钟雷—— 钟格雷以其卓越的美景闻名，是世界上最大的热带湿地之一和最广阔的稀树草原。

然而，这片广袤的土地也隐藏着越来越多无名墓穴的深沉黑暗秘密，这些墓碑无声见证着武装冲突留下的深沉伤痕。

失去亲人已经够让人心碎了。但对黛博拉·阿乔克来说，母亲去世的悲痛因无法为她提供体面安葬而加剧。

“每天，那一刻都让我心如刀绞。母亲倒在灌木丛中的画面折磨着我。如果她能在家中去世，社区本可以聚集起来缅怀她，给予她应得的告别，“黛博拉分享道。

黛博拉和她的家人是成千上万逃离北琼莱武装冲突的人之一。他们徒步穿越艰难地形两天，心中充满了再次卷入暴力的恐惧。年迈体衰的母亲未能挺过旅程，匆忙葬在一个亲人可能永远找不到的地方。

悲痛欲绝的黛博拉无法想象自己还能从这段经历中恢复过来。不过，她至少觉得自己幸运，至少逃过了她团队中另外五名被绑架的女性的命运，她们的下落至今不明。

最终相对安全抵达琼莱州西部的潘亚戈尔，黛博拉现在和八个孩子住在一个小小的图库尔（小屋）里，经营茶馆每天收入约5美元，依靠寄宿社区的其他支持。

“潘雅戈尔的人民以爱接纳了我们，他们的接纳对我意义重大，”她解释道。“我现在的力量来自于我对孩子们拥有更好生活的希望。”

七十岁的邓哲也逃离了暴力。但每天，他都害怕它会再次找上他。

“我听够了枪声。我已经没有力气再逃跑了。如果打起来了，我就让命运来决定。我只想和朋友们坐在树下，喝茶，笑着。”

然而，邓和黛博拉渴望的安全感受到新家乡地方当局和执法部门严峻运营挑战的影响。

代理警察局长西蒙·乔尔·加朗解释道：“鉴于资源不足，我们很难确保该地区的安全。”“警员必须徒步前往犯罪现场。没有船只，警方也无法应对广阔沼泽地区的犯罪，且刑事调查技术培训严重不足。”

当地监狱官员还担心羁押设施倒塌，迫使他们男女囚犯混用，这侵犯了基本人权。

为应对这些挑战，联合国南苏丹特派团在帕尼亚戈尔举办了一场研讨会，邀请了包括当地领导人、民间社会代表和有组织武装成员在内的40名参与者，以加强安全。

“Twic East已成为逃离冲突者的主要目的地，”UNMISS恢复、归返与再融入组织的Peter Wisseh表示警官。“我们的职责是营造保护环境，加强东道社区与流离失所者之间的关系，以防止因资源稀缺而发生冲突。”

五年前因牛群袭击失去丈夫的

阿乔克·阿比尔认为，这项培训为提升安全奠定了基础。

“这增强了我的自信，让我能够工作养家糊口，而不用担心家里的孩子。”

作者：安吉拉·曼多雷巴

原文：JONGLEI – Jonglei is renowned for its great beauty as one of the world’s largest tropical wetlands and most expansive savannah grasslands.

However, this vast landscape also hosts the deep, dark secret of a growing number of unmarked graves which are silent testaments to the deep scars left by armed conflict.

Losing a loved one is devastating enough.

But for Deborah Ajok, the grief of her mother’s death is intensified by the unresolved trauma of not being able to give her a proper burial.

"Every day, I am haunted by that moment. Images of my mother collapsing in the bush torment me. It would be better if she had died at home, where the community could have gathered to honor her and give her the farewell that she deserved,” shares Deborah.

Deborah and her family are among thousands of people who have fled the armed conflict in northern Jonglei. They travelled for two days on foot across difficult terrain, plagued by the fear of being caught up in the violence again. Weakened by age, her exhausted mother did not survive the journey and was hurriedly buried in a place where her relatives may never find again.

Grief-stricken Deborah cannot imagine ever recovering from this experience. However, she feels at least a little fortunate in having at least escaped the fate of five other women in her group who were abducted, their whereabouts still unknown.

Finally reaching relative safely in Panyagor, in the west of Jonglei State, Deborah now lives in a small tukul (hut) with her eight children, earning about USD5 a day from running a tea shop, and relying on other support from the host community.

"The people of Panyagor have welcomed us with love, and their acceptance means a lot to me,” she explains. “My strength now comes from the hope I have for my children to have better lives.”

Seventy-year-old Deng Chol also fled the violence. But, every day, he fears it will find him again.

"I'm tired of hearing gunshots. I have no strength left to run. If the fighting comes, I will let fate decide. I just want to sit under a tree with friends, sharing tea and laughing.”

However, the safety that Deng and Deborah crave is impacted by severe operational challenges faced by local authorities and law enforcement in their new hometown.

“It is difficult for us to ensure security in the area given the lack of resources,” explains Acting Police Chief, Simon Chol Garang. “Officers must travel to crime scenes on foot. Without boats, police also cannot respond to crimes in the vast swampy areas and there is a critical lack of technical training in criminal investigation.”

Officials at the local prison are also concerned about collapsed holding facilities which force them to mix male and female inmates, a violation of basic human rights.

To address these challenges, the United Nations Mission in South Sudan hosted a workshop in Panyagor to help strengthen security with 40 participants, including local leaders, civil society representatives and members of organized forces.

"Twic East has become a primary destination for those fleeing conflict,” says Peter Wisseh, UNMISS Recovery, Return, and Reintegration Officer. “Our role is to help foster a protective environment and strengthen relationships between the host community and those who are displaced to prevent conflict over scarce resources."

Ajok Abiel, who lost her husband to cattle raiding five years ago, believes the training lays the foundations for improved security.

"It boosts my confidence, allowing me to work to support my family without worrying about the children at home.”